TRT播客#62:对Fountas&Pinnell#6的反应 - 您可以教语音和语言理解
Fountas和Pinnell警告不要将专注于“仅关注准确性和解码”。他们说,如果我们这样做,学生可能不明白他们阅读的内容一定是有道理的。但是阅读社区的科学并不是单独提倡语音。离得很远!
在这里听这一集
Full episode transcript
你好,安娜·盖格在这里!欢迎使用Triple R Teacht,第62集。这实际上是我们对Fountas&Pinnell反应系列的第六集。
因此,您知道Fountas和Pinnell在美国都是识字名称,尤其是他们围绕着教学的开始阅读教学创造了一个帝国。他们是指导阅读水平的创造者。他们发行了第一本关于《指导读物》中的书,并在2017年推出了第二版。
They have been holding fast to their beliefs about how beginning reading works, what materials we should use, and what approach we should take when teaching beginning readers. That has a lot of people in the science of reading community frustrated because it feels like Fountas and Pinnell aren't listening to what we've learned from research. They have, as one person said, "stuck their feet in concrete, and they're not budging."
They recently put out a "Just to Clarify" blog series, in which they answer ten questions or criticisms of their work. What we're doing in this series on my podcast is responding to each of those short audio blog posts that they have created.
Today we're going to look at question six and that was, "Could you speak to the role of phonics and teaching children to read, and clarify your approach to phonics instruction?"
在我继续前进之前,我想注意,您可能会在后台听到一些咳嗽,对此感到抱歉。我们所有的孩子都感冒了,我一个星期的孩子一个星期,持续了几个星期。现在是我11岁的孩子,他在另一个房间里努力工作,但那里仍然有一些咳嗽。因此,希望您可以忽略这一点,让我们谈谈语音,Fountas和Pinnell。
正如我的孩子们会说的那样,Fountas和Pinnell在谈论Phonics的话题是有点“ Sus”,因为我的理解是,他们没有立即将他们的计划中的很大一部分用于Phonics。我敢肯定,这根本不是他们阅读程序的第一个版本的一部分。我看了看,试图找到所有碎片出来的日期,而我似乎找不到。因此,如果我错了,我就准备好纠正,但是我必须质疑他们的任何确认,即如果不是原始程序随附的话,语音很重要。
在最近的一次事件,当我谈到引导意图ding and some of the problems with the way that Fountas and Pinnell use that, I talked about this big, fat book I have of theirs about guided reading. It's 600 pages, and it has fewer than five pages that even address phonics.
With early readers, phonics has got to be a huge piece of what we do with them, right? We need to build the phonemic awareness foundation and then teach phonics and teach them to decode words so that they have that first important piece when it comes to the Simple View of Reading.
Let's listen in to how Fountas & Pinnell answer the question about their beliefs regarding phonics: "Phonics is essential for reading and writing, and research certainly supports this, but phonics is not the end goal of literacy or becoming literate. An overarching principle in literacy learning is that the purpose of reading must be constructing the meaning of the text using language and print. When the focus is only on accuracy and decoding, young readers may not understand that the purpose of printed language is to make sense and to convey a meaningful message. They may give so much attention to decoding that they have little attention to give to thinking about the meaning, the language, and the messages of the text.
“为了追求准确的阅读,教师当然必须专注于帮助解码儿童。但是,教学还必须包括在文本内部,关于和之外的思考。因此,有效的扫盲设计包括明确的语音教学和发生在一种全面的方法中,以便学习者有足够的机会在从事有意义的阅读和写作时运用自己的理解。最重要的是,我们相信,不可能有一种千篇一律的方法来教授语音或音素意识。”
好吧,让我们拆开。Irene Fountas说的第一件事是:“语音对于阅读和写作至关重要。”我们同意,对吧?绝对同意!
但是随后她补充说:“但是语音不是扫盲或识字的最终目标。”我们也可以同意,对吗?阅读的目的是阅读理解,但是正如我们从阅读的简单看法中学到的那样,如果没有解码和语言理解,就不可能发生阅读理解。
她接着说,当重点只是准确性和解码上时,年轻的读者可能不了解印刷语言的目的是有意义的,并传达了有意义的信息。
这通常是针对阅读倡导者科学的投诉,即当您如此专注于语音时,孩子们不会理解文字应该意味着某些意义。但是,您可以同时完成两者,如果您看一下Scarborough的阅读绳,这向我们展示了所有参与语言理解和单词识别的亚技能,您会知道阅读社区的科学根本不反对语言理解。这是一个重要的作品!
只是另一方面,平衡的扫盲方面,众所周知,语音是没有代表的。它通常包括在内,但以偶然的方式。
So this is a concern that the science of reading community has, therefore it can feel over-emphasized, but it is definitely not the end all and be all. I don't think anyone in the science of reading community would claim that to be the case.
在她的回应的第二段中,Fountas说,指导还必须包括对文本内部,大约和之外的思考的重点。同意。绝对地!
我们在阅读结构化的扫盲课堂的科学中使用互动读物大声做了很多事情,我知道Fountas&Pinnell也推广。在这里,老师在班上读了一篇周到的文学作品,并计划停下来并使用阅读理解策略等地进行讨论,等等。因此,我们可以同意这一点。
I think the problem is that Fountas and Pinnell would believe that if you're using decodable books to teach reading, then you can't focus on comprehension. They might say that you can't help students realize that we're not just word calling, we're actually trying to make sense of the text. We addressed that in a previous episode, but I think it's worth repeating again here.
It really all comes down to the texts that you have students use, because Fountas and Pinnell can say all they want that phonics is important, that we need to teach phonics, and that we'll have these phonics lessons. But then if they're over here giving guided reading lessons with leveled books that do not allow students to practice the phonics knowledge that you've taught them, the students are not going to use it. They can't apply it because you're not giving them opportunities beyond lists of words in their phonics lessons.
I know this is really hard, but if you're trying to move from a balanced to structured literacy approach, you have to let go of this idea that teaching kids to sound out words teaches them to word call.
Now, could that happen? Could you have somebody who's just calling out words and not making any sense of it? Well, sure, but the problem isn't phonics, the problem is that they need some language comprehension instruction, whether that's background knowledge, vocabulary, or so on. Let's not blame phonics.
让我们记住,我们教语调帮助学生识别这些单词,我们也教授语言理解。我们确保学生有一致的机会将这些语音知识应用于他们阅读的书籍,而不是在级别的书籍中练习三首。
我想在Fountas对这个问题的回答中再解决一件事,这就是她所说的最重要的是,不可能有一种适合所有人的方法来教授语音或音素意识。
So I agree with that. I don't think there's one program that works for everyone and the teacher is important here in this equation. Success with the program depends very much on the teacher's implementation and interaction with students and so on, which we will be getting to in another episode.
但是我不想将其用作警察。我不想说,好吧,没有一种适合的方法,因此您可以使用任何想要的东西。这不是真的!
现在,让我们看一下研究对语音教学及其应该是什么的看法。好吧,我们知道这应该是系统的。我们知道这应该是顺序的。有人说这应该是合成的。综合语音是当您连续发出所有字母时,并且也有分析性语音。我相信,分析性语音是Fountas和Pinnell在他们的计划中来自的地方。这是一个基于家庭的单词,并且更多地注意到了大量的单词。我不确定这一点。我只知道我从几个人那里听说过。
因此,我认为我们可以同意,没有一个程序可以完美地为每个人服务,但这并不意味着在找到良好的语音程序时,我们不应该寻找某些标准。
在节目笔记中,我将与您分享Wiley Blevins的一篇文章。他是语音社区中的大牌。我喜欢他的书,我想我拥有所有的书。他写了一些叫做“ Phonics:十项重要的研究结果”的东西。我认为结帐真的很好。当您选择自己的语音程序时,它将帮助您考虑研究。如果我能从他那里找到其他有用的帖子,我也会链接到节目笔记中的那些帖子。
感谢您聆听我对Fountas和Pinnell对语音的反应。您可以在themuredmom.com/episode 62上找到本集的展示笔记。下周见。
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Related resources
- Fountas&Pinnell的系列:Just to Clarify
- Emily Hanford’s response:有影响力的作者Fountas和Pinnell站在被证实的阅读理论背后
- Mark Seidenberg’s response:Clarity about Fountas and Pinnell
- Wiley Blevins:语音:10个重要的语音研究结果
- Recommended book by Wiley Blevins:崭新的看语音
- Free ebook from Sadlier Phonics (written by Wiley Blevins):强烈语音教学的七个特征
Alanna Martell
我真的很感谢所有这些博客文章和资源。等不及其余的了!
Anna Geiger
Thank you so much, Alanna! I really appreciate your feedback!